Efficiency Assessment of AI-Driven Koch Hybrid Fractal Antenna Design for Wireless Body Area Network

Abstract

Fractal antennas are an essential part of wireless communication technologies including wireless body area networks (WBANs) that have been developed as a result of the radio communication era. Healthcare uses are particularly suitable for wearable communications and fractal antenna (FA), which are composed of inexpensive, flexible textile fabrics. In this paper, we present a unique fractal antenna layout for the Koch hybrid (Koch and meander curve geometries) using a dragonfly swarm-assisted iterative function system (DS-IFS). Moreover, we employ a substrate made of a wearable fabric (cotton, jeans, etc.). The ground layer and the patch were constructed with copper tape. To attain the required efficiency, evaluation of performance is carried out on the horizontal plane of this antenna. A computational framework for fractal shape is created employing the IFS and then adjusted for feed location employing the dragonfly swarm optimization (DSO) method. The outcomes of this study, when assessed against other techniques, verify the efficiency of the suggested approach and reflect notable advancements in antenna performance measurements.