Conflicts of Interest

When external reasons like monetary gain, tangible benefits, or personal interests may affect a professional's judgment regarding the validity of research, it constitutes a conflict of interest. The possibility of external influences influencing the conduct and interpretation of research may present a challenge for the writers of an article submitted for publication to the International Journal of African Studies.

To ensure that the paper is handled as best as possible during the editorial and peer review process, it is critical to be aware of the conflicts of interest held by the editors, reviewers, and authors. It is imperative that the article's readers are informed of any potential conflicts of interest.

Author’s Conflict of Interest
Any real or possible conflict of interest, including any monetary, interpersonal, or other relationships that can improperly influence, or be perceived to impact, their work, must be disclosed by all authors. As demonstrated by the following cases, authors must disclose any conflicts of interest at the time of the submission of the manuscript:

No conflict of interests
"We certify that we have no affiliation with or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a direct financial or any other interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript."

"We declare no conflicts of interest"

A disclosure of any conflicts of interest

"The conflicts of interest listed below are our declarations: Author(s) ------------works as a paid consultant part-time for -------------- Corporation. The author -------------, who has obtained fees as an advisory board member, is a member of the --------------- Company's advisory board."